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放债人条例（附英文）
１．简称及适用范围
３．本条例不适用于认可机构
４．放债人注册处处长及其监管职务
５．有关人员不得泄漏秘密
６．查阅登记册
６Ａ．可接纳为证据之文件
放债人之领牌事宜
７．经营放债业务之限制
８．申领牌照及对该项申请作出之公告
９．申请之调查及提出
１０．牌照法庭
１０Ａ．评价员之选择及评价员之费用
１０Ｂ．牌照法庭之权力
１０Ｃ．豁免
１１．对申领牌照作出裁决
１２．牌照之作用及有效期间
１３．牌照之换领
１４．牌照之撤销及暂时吊销
１５．牌照之转让及楼宇之增添或替代
１６．上诉
１７．详情有所变更时给予通知之责任
放债人之交易事宜
１８．借约之形式
１９．放债人向借款人提供资料之责任
２０．放债人向保证人提供资料之责任
２１．借款人提早偿还款项
２２．非法借约
２３．除非放债人持有牌照，否则不得追讨贷款等
过高之利率
２４．过高利率之禁制
２５．重新调整若干交易
２６．放债广告之限制
２７．不得追讨费用等
２８．注册处处长进入楼宇及查阅帐簿等权力
２９．放债人所犯罪项
３０．欺骗性引诱及阻碍等罪项
３０Ａ．有关牌照法庭之罪项
３１．法团所犯罪项之责任问题
３２．罚则及撤销资格
３２Ａ．提出特定控告之时间限制
３３．举证责任
３３Ａ．一般豁免
３３Ｂ．特定豁免
３３Ｃ．立法局可修订第一附表
３４．规例
３５．保留事宜
３６．现存之贷款
本条例旨在对放债人及放债业务之管制及管理、放债人注册处处长之委任及放债业务经营人之领牌等事宜加以规定；为针对过高之贷款利率及苛刻贷款条件而提供保障及补救办法；规定违例事项及就一切与上述有关之事宜制订规定；以及撤销１９１１年贷款业条例。
〔１９８０年１２月１２日〕
１．简称及适用范围
（１）本条例定名为放债人条例。
（２）纵使任何协议订有与本条例相反之规定，本条例仍属有效。
（１）在本条例内，除按照上下文另具意义者外，下开各词应解释如下――
“公司”指任何――
（ａ）根据公司条例（第３２章）成立之法人团体；
（ｂ）依照其他任何条例成立之法人团体；或
（ｃ）在香港以外成立或设立之法人团体。
“已撤销资格人士”指受法庭根据第３２条第（２）款所发命令约束之人士；
“实际利率”，在利息方面而言，指根据第二附表所载办法并以百分率计算之真实年率；
“商号”指某一未经立案为法团之团体，该团体系由两人或两人以上组成，或由一人或一人以上及一个或一个以上法团组成，或由两个或两个以上法团组成，以便合伙经营牟利业务者；
“利息”不包括由于须缴纳印花税或其他类似税项而依法同意按照本条例支付之任何款项，但除此之外，则包括超出本金之任何款额（不论其名称为何），而该款额乃因某一贷款之缘故而经已支付或即将支付或应予支付者；
“牌照”指根据第１１条签发或根据第１３条换领之放债人牌照；而“领有牌照”及“持牌人”两词，亦有与此相应之意义；
“牌照法庭”指根据第１０、１４或１５条视具体情况设立之――
（ａ）由一名裁判司单独；或
（ｂ）由一名裁判司会同>名评价员，组成之法庭。
“贷款”包括垫款、贴现、代某人支付或应某人所请而支付之金钱，同时亦包括不论以何种理由而容让延期偿还所欠之金钱，实质上系与贷款有关之一切协议（不论以何种条件或形式订明者），以及为确保某人偿还此等贷款而达成之协议；“借贷”及“贷款人”两词，亦应作如是解释
“放债人”指任何经营放债业务或登广告声明或宣称或以任何方式表明系从事该等业务之人士（不论其是否兼营其他业务亦然），但不包括：
（ａ）第一附表第一部分所指之人士；
（ｂ）经营第一附表第二部分规定之贷款业务之人士。
“规定”指根据第３４条所制订之规例而加以规定；
“本金”在贷款方面而言，指实际贷出之款额；
“登记册”指注册处处长根据第４条而设置之登记册；
“注册处处长”指根据第４条委任之放债人注册处处长。
“附属公司”，其含义与公司条例（第３２章）第２条之规定相同。
（２）为执行本条例之规定起见，如借约并未订明贷款之利率，则根据该借约经已支付或应予支付予贷款人之任何款额（按照第２２条之但书而收取之单利除外），均须按本金总额与利息总额之比例划分为两部分，即为本金及利息，并按照第二附表所载办法计算贷款年息之百分率，而
该年率得视为该笔贷款之利率。
（３）为确定借贷本金之数额起见，倘贷款中有部分款项实际上并未借出，惟借款人及贷款人均视之为分期偿还贷款其中一期，则该笔款项不得予以计算。
（４）本条例所指之评价员系指根据裁判司条例（第２２７章）第２Ａ条而列于评价员名册之人士。
３．本条例不适用于认可机构
本条例不适用于――
（ａ）银行条例（第１５５章）规定之含义上的认可机构；
（ｂ）对于向上述认可机构贷款而言，任何从事该项贷款之人士。
４．放债人注册处处长及其监管职务
（１）港督须委任一名公职人员为放债人注册处处长。
（２）注册处处长须经常备置登记册，并须着人在册内载明下述资料（指定资料除外）――
（ａ）有关领取或换领牌照之申请；
（ｂ）仍属有效或已吊销或暂停生效之牌照；
（ｃ）注册处处长认为适合之任何其他资料。
（３）在本条内，“指定资料”指根据第８条提供之资料，而此等资料乃根据第３４条所制订之规例指定不得载于登记册内者。
５．有关人员不得泄漏秘密
（１）注册处处长及任何受雇执行或协助任何人士执行本条例规定之人士，在根据本条例执行或履行任何职务或职责时，或在执行本条例之规定时，除非确有所需，否则均须遵守下开规定――
（ａ）在根据本条例执行或履行任何职务或职责时，凡所获悉与任何人士事务有关之种种情事，均须守密及协助守密；
（ｂ）不得将该等情事告知任何人士，惟与该等情事有关之人士则属例外；及
（ｃ）凡任何本款规定所适用之人士所拥有、保管或控制之任何记录，均不得容许或准许任何人士取得之。
（２）第（１）款不适用于下述情形――
（ａ）资料之透露乃将若干人士所提供之类似资料以摘要形式发表，惟该摘要之措词必须使人无法从中查明某一个别人士业务之资料；
（ｂ）透露资料之目的乃为某一罪项而进行任何法律诉讼；
（ｃ）任何由于第２２、２３、２４、２５、２７、３３、３３Ｂ或３６条，或与这些条文有关而产生的民事诉讼；或
（ｄ）为本段之目的向财政司，金融司或任何财政司授权之政府官员透露资料，而注册处处长认为，为公众利益透露这些资料是合乎需要的。
（３）凡有下开行为者，即属违法，可判罚款十万元及监禁两年――
（ａ）违反第（１）款之规定；或
（ｂ）协助、教唆、鼓动或促使任何人士违反第（１）款之规定。
６．查阅登记册
（１）任何人士于缴交规定费用后即可――
（ａ）在正常办公时间内查阅登记册并将册内任何记载事项印取副本；或
（ｂ）向注册处处长取得登记册内任何记载事项之副本乙份，由注册处处长证明或经其授权证明为正确无讹者。
（２）注册处处长须按其认为适当之方式，将登记册可供公众人士查阅之时间及地点公布周知。
６Ａ．可接纳为证据之文件
任何由注册处处长或其授权证明为真实准确之登记册中文件之副本，在任何刑事或民事诉讼中，除有相反之证据外，将视为有效之证据，法庭应推定――
（ａ）文件之签名及证明是由注册处处长或经其授权人员作出的；或
（ｂ）文件是一份真实准确之副本。
放债人之领牌事宜
７．经营放债业务之限制
（１）任何人士如有下列情形，均不得经营放债业务――
（ａ）未领有牌照；
（ｂ）在牌照所指定楼宇以外之任何地方经营业务；或
（ｃ）不遵照持牌条件经营业务。
（２）牌照必须符合所规定之表格。
８．申领牌照及对该项申请作出之公告
（１）牌照申请人须依照规定方法，以规定表格向注册处处长提出申请，申请时须连同规定费用及载有有关申请之规定详情之陈述书。
（２）如属法团根据本条提出之申请，可由该法团所授权之任何人士提出。
（３）如属商号合伙人根据本条提出之申请，可由任何合伙人提出。
（４）注册处处长须依照规定方法，就根据本条提出之每项申请发出公告，俾众周知。
９．申请之调查及提出
（１）如属根据第８条提出之申请，申请人须在同一时间将申请书副本乙份寄交警务处处长，而警务处处长得着人对该项申请进行调查，俾能决定就第１１条之规定而言是否有反对该项申请之理由。
（２）为执行本条之规定而进行调查时，警务处处长得以书面要求申请人出示帐簿、记录或文件以供审阅，或提供其所指明与该项申请或申请人所经营或拟经营业务有关之资料。
（３）如属根据第８条提出之申请，注册处处长在下列日期之前，除可将该申请注册外，不得采取其他步骤――
（ａ）申请提出日期后６０天届满之日；或
（ｂ）警务处处长通知注册处处长谓任何根据本条进行之调查业已完成之日；
两者之中以较早者为准（在本条内称为“有关日期”）。
（４）注册处处长或警务处处长如欲根据第１１条之规定反对任何领牌之申请，均须于有关日期后７天内通知申请人彼拟反对其申请并提出反对理由；如该通知系由警务处处长发出，则须将副本乙份寄交注册处处长。
（５）如属根据第８条提出之申请，注册处处长在有关日期后７天期届满时，须将该项申请向他认为适当之裁判司提出，提出时并须连同任何根据第（４）款送达申请人之通知书副本乙份。
（６）注册处处长须就任何根据第（５）款将提出申请一事向警务处处长作出通知。
１０．牌照法庭
（１）凡根据第９条第（５）款在裁判司办事处提出之申请，须由有关裁判司联同审判顾问两名（在本条例内称为“牌照法庭”）根据第１１条之规定进行聆讯及作出裁决。
（２）牌照法庭须由裁判司主持。
（３）裁判司及每名审判顾问对根据第９条第（５）款提出之申请作出裁定时，均各有表决权，惟牌照法庭之决定须为单一决定，并须以书面记录之：
惟牌照法庭各成员如在对申请作出裁定时意见相左，则须以多数成员之决定作为牌照法庭之决定。
（４）注册处处长有权在向裁判司办事处提出请求后，取得牌照法庭判决书副本乙份。
（５）牌照法庭之判决副本乙份须送给注册处处长。１０Ａ．评价员之选择及评价员之费用
（１）倘若根据本条例规定，牌照法庭须由一名裁判司与>名评价员组成，最高法院经历司选择这些评价员。
（２）倘若根据第（１）款选择之评价员出席了由其担任评价员之牌照法庭，无论他是否担任了评价员，他都可获得一份报酬，其数额相当于根据裁判司条例（第２２７章）第７Ａ条第（２）款付给评价员之数额。１０Ｂ．牌照法庭之权力
在本条例中，牌照法庭可决定其诉讼程序，尤其是――
（ａ）接受并认可任何资料（无论这些资料是否是口头证据），书面声明，文件或其他证据，尽管这些资料可能在民事或刑事诉讼中不被采用为证据；
（ｂ）主审裁判司可以书面通知方式，要求任何人士出席聆讯，提供证据及提交文件；
（ｃ）主持宣誓及声明；
（ｄ）检验宣誓，声明或讯问出庭聆讯的任何人士，并要求该等人士回答他提出并同意的所有问题；
（ｅ）决定第（ａ）段所提及资料的接受方式；及
（ｆ）在其认为适当时随时中止任何聆讯，并可以做任何――
（ｉ）属于本条赋予的权力内；或
（ｉｉ）根据本条例规定为履行其职责而合理必须的事情。１０Ｃ．豁免
（ａ）牌照法庭之成员；及
（ｂ）证人，诉讼当事人，代理人或任何其出庭之人士，在牌照法庭的任何诉讼中或在牌照法庭履行职责中，享有同样的特权及豁免，如同在民事诉讼的法庭上一样。
１１．对申领牌照作出裁决
（１）牌照法庭须确定日期对根据第９条第（５）款提出之申请进行聆讯，并须给予申请人、注册处处长及警务处处长１４足日之通知。
（２）除第（３）款另有规定外，牌照法庭对根据第９条第（５）款提出之申请进行聆讯后，即须发给牌照，惟下列情形则属例外――
（ａ）注册处处长或警务处处长已根据第９条发出通知表示拟反对该项申请，同时在对申请进行聆讯时，注册处处长或其代表或警务处处长或其代表对申请提出反对；或
（ｂ）任何其他亲自出席或委派律师代表出席聆讯之人士提出反对并――
（ｉ）在根据第（１）款所定聆讯日期之前４天内，已向申请人、注册处处长及警务处处长作出通知表示拟反对该项申请及提出反对理由，且已将通知书副本乙份向牌照法庭提出；或
（ｉｉ）获牌照法庭准予提出是项反对，就本条而言，“律师”一词，系指根据《律师业条例》（第１５９章）获准执业大律师或律师之人士。
（３）牌照法庭不得发牌予已撤销资格人士。
（４）牌照法庭在考虑第（２）款（ａ）段或（ｂ）段适用之申请时，须聆取申请人或其所传召之证人所提出之任何证据，同时亦须聆取注册处处长或警务处处长或任何其他根据第（２）款（ｂ）段出席聆讯之人士或彼等之代表所提供之任何证据。
（５）除第（３）款另有规定外，牌照法庭对第（２）款（ａ）段或（ｂ）段适用之申请，除非确实认为有下列情形，否则不得发给牌照――
（ａ）申请人或如属商号者则其每一合伙人乃经营放债业务适当人选；
（ｂ）如属法团提出之申请，则任何控制该法团，或法团之董事通常依照其指示或训示办事之人士，乃经营放债业务之适当人选；
（ｃ）就以放债人身份经营放债业务而言，任何负责或拟负责管理该业务或其部分之人士，或如属法团则为任何董事、秘书或其他人员，乃为经营放债业务之适当人选；
（ｄ）申请人申请用以注册之名称，不会使人误解，或在其他方面并无不当者；
（ｅ）就该项申请所涉及之任何楼宇而言，该等楼宇及楼宇之情况，均适合经营放债业务；
（ｆ）申请人已履行本部及与该项申请有关之任何规例之规定；及
（ｇ）发给牌照在任何情形下均不会违反公众利益。
（６）凡根据本条发给之牌照，均须受牌照法庭厘定之持牌条件之限制。
（７）除非申请人已向牌照法庭缴付规定费用，否则已根据本条批准之牌照不得发给，有关牌照亦不得发生效力。
１２．牌照之作用及有效期间
牌照载明之人士，均获授权经营放债业务，有效期为１２个月，但――
（ａ）在牌照是根据第１１条批准之情况下，从批准之日算起；及
（ｂ）在牌照是根据第１３条更换的情况下，无论牌照更换是在期满以前、当日或以后，尽管有第１３条第（５）款之规定，从牌照期满之日以后之日算起。
１３．牌照之换领
（１）持牌人可于牌照期满前三个月内申请换领牌照。
（２）本条之规定，对其牌照已被撤销之持牌人并不适用。
（３）凡按本条申请换领牌照，均须遵照指定方法办理，并须缴付规定之费用。
（４）第８、第９、第１０及第１１条之规定，对根据本条提出之换领牌照之申请均属适用，一如对根据第８条提出之申请适用然。
（５）凡根据本条申请换领之牌照，虽在该项申请获得裁定之前已告期满，但仍被视为继续有效，直至该项申请获得裁定为止，惟若申请人撤回该项申请，或该牌照已按第１４条之规定被撤销或暂时吊销，则属例外。
１４．牌照之撤销及暂时吊销
（１）由一名裁判司和>名评价员组成的牌照法庭于接获注册处处长或警务处处长之申请后，如认为有任何下开情形者，可饬令将其发出之某一牌照撤销或暂时吊销――
（ａ）该持牌人已非经营放债业务之适当人选；或
（ｂ）牌照所指定之楼宇或其部分或楼宇内之情况已不再适宜经营放债业务；或
（ｃ）该持牌人曾严重违反牌照所载之任何条件，或未能再遵守牌照法庭根据第１１条第（５）款规定持牌人须予遵守与放债业务有关之任何其他条件；或
（ｄ）该持牌人于牌照发出后之任何时间或在某一情况下用以经营业务之办法或方式，实违反公众利益者。
（２）牌照法庭须决定一日期以便对根据本条提出之申请进行聆讯，并须给与注册处处长、警务处处长及持牌人１４足日之通知；该项通知须着令持牌人解释为何不应批准是项申请及为何不应饬令将其牌照撤销或暂时吊销。
（３）在本条内，“牌照”一词，包括根据第１３条第（５）款被视作继续有效之牌照。
１５．牌照之转让及楼宇之增添或替代
（１）除本条另有规定外，每一牌照均不得转让。
（２）如领有牌照之放债人去世，其遗下之配偶或年龄满２１岁或以上之某一家庭成员，或代表遗属之任何人士，均可向发牌之牌照法庭申请加签其名字于牌照上。
（３）持牌人除牌照所指楼宇外另欲在其他任何楼宇经营放债业务，可向发牌之牌照法庭申请将另外之楼宇加签于牌照上。
（４）领有牌照之放债人如欲将其放债业务由牌照所指楼宇转移至一处未经指定之楼宇，则可向发牌之牌照法庭申请，将拟将放债业务移往之楼宇加签于牌照上，以代替牌照原先所指之楼宇。
（５）凡根据本条提出之申请，均应遵照指定方法向注册处处长办理，并须缴付规定之费用。此外，申请人亦须将是项申请通知警务处处长。
（６）注册处处长及警务处处长在对根据本条提出之申请进行聆讯时有出庭之权利，并得在聆讯中陈词，及反对对是项申请作出批准。
（６Ａ）倘若注册处处长或警务处处长根据第（６）款之规定反对批准依据本条提出之任何申请，在该申请根据第（５）款提出后不晚于一个月内，他应通知申请人，并说明反对理由；如果通知是警务处处长发出的，还应发给注册处处长一份副本。
（６Ｂ）在本条中根据第（５）款提出之申请提出后一个月届满之日，注册处处长可将该项申请，连同根据第（６Ａ）款发出之通知副本，提交他认为适当之裁判司。
（７）除非牌照法庭确实认为有下开情形，否则不得批准根据本条提出之申请――
（ａ）申请人已给与注册处处长及警务处处长该项申请之通知；
（ｂ）如该项申请乃根据第（２）款提出，申请人乃继续经营已故放债人遗下业务之适当人选；
（ｃ）如该项申请乃根据第（３）款提出，所涉及之新增楼宇及该处之情况对放债业务之经营实属适宜；
（ｄ）如该项申请乃根据第（４）款提出，放债人意欲将业务迁往之楼宇及该处之情况对放债业务之经营实属适宜；
（ｅ）如该项涉及任何楼宇之申请乃根据第（３）或第（４）款提出，任何负责或拟负责管理该等楼宇内所经营业务之人士，乃属协助经营放债业务之适当人选。
（８）如牌照法庭对根据本条申请加签事予以批准，加签工作须于牌照法庭办事处进行，申请人并须缴付指定费用。
（９）根据第（２）款而加签之牌照，其效力在各方面悉如该牌照乃发给其名字获加签于牌照上之人士然，同时本条例亦应适用于该位人士，一如其适用于持牌人然。
（１０）为聆讯根据本条提出之申请之目的，牌照法庭可由――
（ａ）一名裁判司单独组成；或
（ｂ）一名裁判司会同>名评价员共同组成，但是，倘若根据第（６Ａ）款规定发给申请人之通知已经发出，则牌照法庭必须由一名裁判司会同>名评价员共同组成。
１６．上诉
任何人士如对牌照法庭根据第１１、第１３、第１４或第１５条所作之决定感到不满，可向最高法院原讼法庭提出上诉，而最高法庭原讼法庭之决定乃为最终决定。
１７．详情有所变更时给予通知之责任
（１）如登记册所载有关持牌人之任何事项有任何变更，或由于下述事宜――
（ａ）如为商号者，由于合并或合伙人数目减少或其他原因而导致公司成员数目有所变更；
（ｂ）如为法团者――
（ｉ）其人员有所变更；
（ｉｉ）某一人士对公司之控制权有所变更；
（ｉｉｉ）任何人士所持之股份数目或指定类别之股份数目有所变更，导致该位人士所持股份之面值，超过该法团之股本面值或该类发行股份之面值之指定比例；
（ｃ）在任何经营放债业务之楼宇内负责管理放债业务之人士有所变更；则持牌人须在此等变更发生后２１天内将有关变更之详情以书面通知注册处处长。注册处处长须以其认为适当之方式将该等变更在注册簿上注明。
（２）当持牌人根据第（１）款将任何变更之详情通知注册处处长后，注册处处长可以书面通知持牌人，要求其就变更事宜，提交其所指明及按指定方法核对正确之有关资料。
放债人之交易事宜
１８．借约之形式
（１）所有向放债人偿还贷款或缴付贷款利息之借约，以及由于任何此等借约或贷款而给予放债人之抵押，除非符合下开情况，否则不得予以执行――
（ａ）于借约订立后７日内，根据第（２）款之规定造具有关借约之借据或备忘录，并由借款人亲自签署，且在签署时，放债人将借据或备忘录副本乙份交予借款人；及
（ｂ）该副本必须包括或夹附一份有关本部及第ｉｖ部内容之摘要，摘要须以规定形式作出，倘经证实，借款人于取得贷款前或给予抵押前并无在借据或备忘录上签署，则不论借约或抵押均不得予以执行。
（２）借据或备忘录必须载有借约之全部条件，尤须列明――
（ａ）放债人之姓名地址；
（ｂ）借款人之姓名地址；
（ｃ）保证人之姓名地址（如有保证人者）；
（ｄ）用文字及数字表示之贷款本金总额；
（ｅ）订立借约之日期；
（ｆ）贷款日期；
（ｇ）偿还贷款之条件；
（ｈ）贷款所需抵押之形式（如有抵押者）；
（ｉ）贷款所收取利息以年息百分率表达之，或以根据第二附表之方式算出所收取之利息作为年息百分率表达之；及
（ｊ）有关商讨贷款及订立借约地点之声明。
（３）纵使第（１）款已有规定，当任何借约或抵押之执行产生问题时，则负责裁决之法庭在考虑各有关情形后，如认为不执行该项未有遵守本条规定之借约或抵押系属不公平者，即可宣告该借约或抵押在某程度上可予执行，惟须受法庭认为公平而饬令作出之修改或视作例外之事项所
１９．放债人向借款人提供资料之责任
（１）任何有关偿还放债人贷款之借约，不论在本条例实施之前或之后订立，在借约有效期间内，如借款人用书面提出要求并交付所花费用后，放债人必须向借款人或借款人在书面要求上所指定之任何人士，提供一份由放债人或其代理人签署之陈述书（包括原件及副本）列明――
（ａ）贷款日期、贷款本金总额及贷款之年息百分率；
（ｂ）放债人已收之还款数额及还款日期；
（ｃ）到期未还之每一款额与应还款之日期，及其应付而未付之利息；及
（ｄ）尚未到期清还之每期欠款及其还款日期。
（ｅ）在陈述书正面显著位置，以中英文清楚地写明下列字句：
ＢＯＲＲＯＷＥＲ
ＯＴＨＥＲ
ＰＥＲＳＯＮＴＯ
ＳＴＡＴＥＭＥＭＴ
ＳＵＰＰＬＩＥＤＩＳ
ＲＥＱＵＩＲＥＤ ＵＮＤＥＲ
ＳＥＣＴＩＯＮ
ＯＦＴＨＥ
ＭＯＮＥＹ
ＬＥＮＤＥＲＳ
ＯＲＤＩＮＡＮＣ?
ＥＮ－ＤＯＲＳＥ
ＣＯＰＹＯＦ
ＳＴＡＴＥＭＥＮＴＴＨＡＴ
ＲＥＣＥＩＶＥＤ
ＯＲＩＧＩＮＡＬ
ＯＦＴＨＥ
ＳＴＡＴＥＭＥＮＴ
ＲＥＴＵＲＮ
ＴＨＥＣＯＰＹ
ＥＮＤＯＲＳＥＤ
ＭＯＮＥＹＬＥＮＤＥＲ。
借款人或其他获得供给此结算书的人须依照放债人条例第１９（１Ａ）条的规定，在结算书的副本上签注已经收到结算书正本，以及将经如此签注的副本交回放债人。”
（１Ａ）根据第（１）款规定，接到放债人提供之陈述书原件及副本之借款人或其他人，应尽可能快地――
（ａ）在副本上注明他已收到陈述书原件；及
（ｂ）将该副本退给放债人，在借约有效期内，放债人应保存该副本。
（２）放债人必须在借款人用书面提出要求时向借款人提供有关贷款或其任何抵押之任何文件之副本乙份；或如借款人认为有需要，则于其交付所花费用予放债人后，放债人即须将有关文件副本提供予借款人之书面要求内所指定之人士。
（３）倘借款人在提出请求获允后未满一个月又再就同一借约提出要求，则第（１）或（２）款之规定均不适用。
（４）倘借款人根据本条之规定向放债人提出要求，惟放债人在要求提出后一个月内并无照办，且无合理原因者，则在不履行期间内，放债人无权提出控诉或追讨任何根据借约到期收取之本金或利息，且在不履行期间内不得计算利息。
２０．放债人向保证人提供资料之责任
（１）放债人如订立任何贷款之借约，而该项贷款系有抵押者，则放债人须于订立借约后７日内将下述各项交予保证人（如保证人与借款人并非同一人者）――
（ａ）根据第１８条第（１）款造具之借据或备忘录副本乙份；
（ｂ）有关抵押之文件副本乙份（如有该文件者）；及
（ｃ）由放债人或其代表签署之书面声明乙份，其内载明――
（ｉ）借款人按照该借约须还款之总额；
（ｉｉ）该总额其中所包含之各期还款额，以及各该还款额之还款日期或决定还款日期所用之方式。
（２）在不妨碍第（１）款之情况下，保证人可在有抵押之借约（不论在本条例生效之前或之后订立者）之有效期间内以书面通知放债人，向其索取一份由放债人或其代表签署之书面声明，其内载明――
（ａ）借款人按照该借约已还款项之总额；
（ｂ）借款人按照该借约应还而仍未还之款项总额，以及该总额其中所包含之各期还款额及各该还款额之还款日期；及
（ｃ）借款人按照该借约尚未到期缴还之款项总额，以及该总额其中所包含之各期还款额及各该还款额之还款日期或决定还款日期所用之方式。
（３）倘保证人在提出请求获允后未满一个月又再就同一借约提出要求，则第（２）款之规定并不适用。
（４）如放债人未有遵照第（１）款之规定或第（２）款所适用之要求办理者，则不得在不履行期间内，行使针对该借约而提供之抵押之所有权利。
２１．借款人提早偿还款项
（１）除第（２）款另有规定外，根据任何借贷合约向放债人借款之借款人，有权于任何时候，以书面通知放债人以及向放债人缴还其按照借约应缴还而未还之本金总额以及计算至还款日期为止此等款项之应付利息，以清偿其根据该借约应负之债务；
但此等利息之实际利率，不得超过借款人在不行使本条所赋予之权力清偿其债务之情形下，根据该借约原应缴付之利息之实际利率。
（２）（已撤销）
２２．非法借约
（１）任何由放债人订立之借贷合约，如直接或间接规定下开事项，即属违法――
（ａ）支付复利；
（ｂ）禁止以分期方式偿还贷款；或
（ｃ）由于根据该借约还款已到期但有任何拖欠，因而造成利率或利息额有所增加：
但任何此等借约可规定，根据借约应向放债人缴付之任何款项，不论其为本金抑或利息，如到期却未有偿还者，则除第四部另有规定外，放债人有权对该笔拖欠款项收取单利，由到期之日起计直至该笔款项清偿之日为止，而单利之实际利率不得超过在未有任何拖欠之情形下，本金应支
付之实际利率，但为执行本条例之规定起见，所收取之任何该等利息，不得算作该笔贷款应付利息之一部分。
（２）尽管有第（１）款之规定，倘若一项借约的合法性有问题，法庭根据各种情形认为，该等不符合本条规定之借约如不予强制执行将是不公平的，法庭可命令该等借约在一定程度上可以强制执行，并可作出法庭认为公平之修改或例外。
２３．除非放债人持有牌照，否则不得追讨贷款等
放债人不得在任何法庭追讨由其贷出之任何金钱或与该等贷款有关之任何利息，或执行任何借约之规定，或行使其对任何贷款抵押之所有权利，除非其能出示其牌照而令法庭满意，或向法庭证实在贷款之日或订立借约之日或取得抵押之日（何者视乎情形而定）彼系持有牌照者。
但是如果法庭根据各种情形认为，如果在有关时间未能领有牌照之放债人因此而不能收回其借款或利息，或不能执行其借约或抵押，进而产生不公平的结果，法庭可命令该等放债人在一定程度上有权收回该等借款或利息，或执行该等借约或抵押，并可作出法庭认为公平之修改或例外。
过高之利率
２４．过高利率之禁制
（１）任何人士（不论放债人与否）贷款或提供贷款，其实际利率如超过年息六分，即属违法。
（２）如实际利率超过第（１）款所规定之利率者，则有关偿还贷款或支付贷款利息之借约，与任何就该借约或贷款而给予之抵押，均不得予以执行。
（３）立法局可通过决议案修订第（１）款所规定之利率：
但任何有关偿还贷款或支付贷款利息之借约，如在修订有关利率之日乃属有效者，则该借约生效时第（１）款所规定之利率，仍应继续维持不变。
（４）任何人士如违反本条所载之违例事项，可判罚款十万元及监禁两年。
（５）本条规定不适用于――
（ａ）附表一第２部第１２项规定之贷款；或
（ｂ）就该等贷款而言，作出该等贷款之任何人士。
２５．重新调整若干交易
（１）除第２４条第（２）款另有规定外，如有下开情事――
（ａ）任何人士（不论放债人与否）为追讨任何贷款或执行有关任何贷款之借约或抵押之规定而在法庭提出诉讼；及
（ｂ）除第（３）款另有规定外，确有证据使法庭认为是项交易乃属苛索，则法庭在顾及所有情况后，可对该项交易予以重新调整，俾使双方均获公平对待，并为达成此项目的起见，可就交易之条件或双方之权利，发出法庭认为适当之命令及给予适当之指示。
（２）就本条而言，一项交易如有下开情事即属苛索――
（ａ）要求债务人或其亲属作出属于过多之还款（不论无条件或在若干特别事故发生时始须作出者）；或
（ｂ）在其他方面显著违反一般公平交易之原则。
（３）任何有关偿还贷款或支付贷款利息之借约，如其实际利率超过年息四分八厘，可仅以此为理由，同时为执行本条之规定起见，即可假设是项交易属于苛索。但除非该利率超过第２４条第（１）款所规定之利率，否则法庭在顾及与借约有关之所有情况后，若认为该利率并非不合理
或不公者，可裁定就本条而言该借约并非属于苛索。
（４）就本条而言，于决定一项交易是否属于苛索时，应顾及所提出有关下开事宜之证据――
（ａ）该交易成交时之一般利率；
（ｂ）本条第（５）及第（６）款胪列之因素；及
（ｃ）任何其他有关事项。
（５）第（４）（ｂ）款所指对债务人适用之因素包括――
（ａ）其年龄、经验、经营能力及健康情况；及
（ｂ）在开始进行交易时其所经受经济压力之程度及该项压力之性质。
（６）第（４）（ｂ）款所指对放债人或其他进行诉讼之人士适用之因素包括――
（ａ）放债人承担风险之程度，在此方面须顾及债务人所提供之任何抵押之性质及价值；
（ｂ）其与债务人之关系；
（ｃ）有关交易所包括之任何货品或业务所开报之现金价格是否不实；及
（ｄ）如须将一项或多项其他交易一并考虑者，则该等其他交易在何种程度上对保障债务人或放债人确有合理之需要，或合乎债务人之利益。
（７）任何可以受理有关追讨贷款或追讨贷款抵押之诉讼之法庭，须具根据本条为追讨贷款而进行诉讼时其可行使之类似权力，并可在债务人或保证人要求下行使之；法庭并可批准债务人或保证人根据本款提出之申请，纵使偿还贷款或其中任何一期之还款日期仍未到达亦然。
（８）在任何破产诉讼中，有关放债人提供证据之采纳或分量问题之任何申请，法庭均可行使根据本条为追讨贷款而进行诉讼时其可行使之类似权力。
（９）立法局可通过决议案修订第（３）款所规定之利率，惟就该款所指之任何借约而言，如在修订有关利率之日乃属有效者，则该借约生效时第（３）款所规定利率，仍应继续维持不变。
（９Ａ）本条规定不适用于――
（ａ）附表一第２部第１２项规定之贷款；或
（ｂ）就该等贷款而言，作出该等贷款之任何人士。
（１０）在本条内，“债务人”一词乃指任何对偿还贷款或支付贷款利息负首要责任之人士。
２６．放债广告之限制
（１）放债人不得为经营其业务之缘故，发出或刊登，或着人发出或刊登任何未有以展示任何其他姓名所用之同样显著之方式展示其牌照内所叙明之放债人姓名之广告、通告、商业函>或其他类似文件。
（２）任何由放债人或其代表发出或刊登之广告、通告、商业函>或其他类似文件，如有意表明放债人愿意作出贷款或作任何特别贷款之利息条件，则该等广告、通告、商业函>或其他类似文件须将拟收取之利息以下开方式列明――
（ａ）除第２４条第（１）款另有规定外，须以年息百分率表示之；及
（ｂ）须以展示上述文件内所提及之任何其他事宜所用之同样显著之方式展示之。
（３）任何放债人或其他人不得为经营放债人之业务之缘故，发出或刊登或使人发出或刊登任何未清楚注明“放债人牌照第××号”之广告。
（４）为执行本条第（１）款及第２９条第（９）款之规定，载入牌照之放债人之姓名视为包括放债人姓名的任何改变，而不论其新姓名是否载入牌照之内。
２７．不得追讨费用等
（１）倘借款人或有意借款人与放债人订立任何协议，订明借款人或有意借款人因有关贷款或拟议贷款之洽商或给予事宜，或有关偿还贷款或拟议贷款之保证或抵押事宜之各项有关费用（印花税或类似税项除外），而须向放债人支付任何款项者，则该等协议均属非法。
（２）（已撤销）
（３）除第３３Ａ条（５）款另有规定外，任何放债人或其合伙人、雇主、雇员、委托人或代理人或任何为放债人办事或与任何放债人串谋之任何人士，如因洽商贷款、取得贷款或保证偿还贷款，所引起之各项费用（印花税或类似税项除外）而向借款人或有意借款人索取、追讨或收受
任何款项或要求或收受任何报酬或酬金者，均属违法。
（４）如任何人士违反本条之规定，直接或间接收取或同意收取或接受任何金钱或可算值之有价物，则借款人可向该人士追讨不超过有关金钱之款额或有关物品之价值，纵使有任何相反协议亦在所不论，如该人乃放债人或放债人之合伙人、雇主、雇员、委托人或代理人或以任何方式或
为放债人办事或与放债人串谋者，则该款额或价值可用作抵销实际贷出之款额（而贷款额须视为已相应缩减）或由借款人向该人士或放债人追讨之。
２８．注册处处长进入楼宇及查阅帐簿等权力
（１）倘若――
（ａ）注册处处长，或任何为执行本条之规定由处长书面授权之人士；或
（ｂ）警司或该职级以上之警官，或任何为执行本条之规定由警司或该职级以上之警官书面授权之人士，有合理理由怀疑任何放债人有触犯本条例之违法行为（在本条中称为“受怀疑罪行”），他可进入该放债人经营业务之任何楼宇，并要求该放债人出示放债人牌照或有关其所作出之
任何贷款或其放债业务之任何帐簿、帐目、文件或记录以供查阅，并可由该等帐簿、帐目、文件或记录作笔记、印取副本或作摘录。
（２）一旦警官根据第（１）款之规定进入放债人经营业务之任何楼宇，他可检取他合理相信与受怀疑罪行有关的，有关该放债人作出之任何贷款或其放债业务之任何帐簿、帐目、文件或记录。
（３）任何帐簿、帐目、文件或记录根据第（２）款一经检取，检取之警官必须尽快上交警务处处长或其授权之人士。
（４）一旦根据第（２）款检取之任何帐簿、帐目、文件或记录根据第（３）款之规定上交警务处处长或其授权之人士，在检取后的三个月内，并未对有关的受怀疑罪行提出检控，警务处处长或授权人士应将被检取之帐簿、帐目、文件或记录退还或设法退还给原放债人。
２９．放债人所犯罪项
（１）任何人士在下开情形下从事放债业务，即属违法――
（ａ）未持有牌照；或
（ｂ）在其牌照指定之地点以外之任何地方经营业务；或
（ｃ）并非遵照其牌照之发牌条件经营业务；或
（ｄ）在暂时吊销牌照期间内经营业务。
（２）任何人士就任何领牌之申请或牌照续期或第３３Ｂ条规定之豁免之申请事宜作出任何虚假或使人误解之声明或供给任何虚假或使人误解之资料，即属违法。
（３）任何人士，如身为持牌人而未有按照第１７条第（１）款就任何与该持牌人有关之变更事宜作出通知，或当注册处处长按照第１７条第（２）款提出要求时，未有就该等变更事宜向其供给所需资料或供给任何虚假或使人误解之资料，即属违法。
（４）任何放债人如有下开情形者，即属违法――
（ａ）未有遵照第１８条就任何借约订立借据或备忘录；
（ｂ）未有遵照第１８条第（１）款（ａ）段将该借据或备忘录副本乙份交予借款人；或
（ｃ）未有遵照第１８条第（１）款（ｂ）段在该副本内包括或夹附一摘要书。
（５）任何放债人，若就一项贷款索取或接受根据第３４条制定之规例所禁止之抵押，即属违法。
（６）任何放债人，如未有依照借款人根据第１９条提出之任何书面要求，将有关之声明或文件副本给予借款人或该要求内指定之任何人士，即属违法。
（６Ａ）任何放债人如未能在与第１９条第（１）款所指的陈述书有关的借约有效期间，保存根据第１９条第（１Ａ）款提供给他的陈述书副本，则构成违法。
（７）任何放债人，如未有向保证人提供其根据第２０条第（１）款有权获得之任何资料或保证人根据第２０条第（２）款以书面通知要求获得之任何资料，即属违法。
（８）任何放债人，如发出或刊登或着人发出或刊登违反第２６条第（１）款或第（２）款任何规定之广告、通告、商业函>或其他类似文件，即属违法。
（８Ａ）除第（８Ｂ）款另有规定外，任何放债人或其他人如发出或刊登，或使人发出或刊登任何触犯第２６条第（３）款之广告，则构成违法。
（８Ｂ）倘若任何人根据第（８Ａ）款有关广告之规定构成违法，该等人士可以下列理由作辩护――
（ａ）他经营发出或刊登或使人发出或刊登广告之业务；
（ｂ）他在正常业务过程中接到发出或刊登或使人发出或刊登之广告；及
（ｃ）在他发出或刊登或使人发出或刊登广告时，他有合理理由相信广告已经清楚地注明有关放债人的“放债人牌照第××号”。
（９）任何放债人，倘因其业务之任何目的而使用之名称并非其牌照内所指定者，即属违法。
（１０）任何放债人或其合伙人、雇主、雇员、委托人或代理人或任何为放债人办事或与任何放债人串谋之任何人士，如因洽商贷款、取得贷款或保证偿还贷款，所引起之任何费用（印花税或类似费用除外）而向借款人或有意借款人索取、追讨或收受任何款项或要求或收受任何报酬或
酬金者，均属违法。
３０．欺骗性引诱及阻碍等罪项
（１）任何人士，倘借任何虚假、令人误解或欺骗性之声明、陈述或允诺，或对重要事实作不忠实之二瞒，以图借欺骗方式诱使或企图诱使他人采取下开行动者，即属违法――
（ａ）任何放债人贷款予任何人士或同意贷款或拟议贷款之条件；
（ｂ）任何人士向放债人借款或同意贷款或拟议贷款之条件。
（２）任何人士如采取下开行动者，即属违法――
（ａ）蓄意阻碍授权之人士根据第２８条执行其工作；
（ｂ）在并无合理原因之情形下，未有给予授权之人士在执行工作时所需之协助或资料。
（３）为执行第（２）款，“授权人士”指――
（ａ）注册处处长或处长根据第２８条书面授权之人士；或
（ｂ）警司或该职级以上之警官，或任何由该等警官根据第２８条授权之警察。３０Ａ．有关牌照法庭之罪项
任何人士如――
（ａ）拒绝或未能遵循牌照法庭之任何命令、要求或指令；或
（ｂ）扰乱或以其他方式妨碍牌照法庭之诉讼进行，均属违法。
３１．法团所犯罪项之责任问题
如一法团不论何时在任何个人之同意或默许下或因该人之疏忽而触犯本条例所载罪项，而当时有下开情形者，则该人亦视作触犯相同罪项论――
（ａ）该人乃该法团之董事、经理、秘书或类似人员；或
（ｂ）该人报称乃为该等人员；或
（ｃ）该法团乃由其成员管理，而该人为其成员之一。
３２．罚则及撤销资格
（１）任何人士如触犯本条例所载罪项，须受下述处分――
（ａ）如触犯第２９条所述罪项，可判罚款十万元及监禁两年；
（ｂ）如触犯未有规定罚则之任何其他罪项，可判罚款一万元及监禁六个月。
（２）如任何人士根据本条例被定罪，裁判司可下令撤销其持牌资格，为期不超过五年，由该命令所载之定罪日期起计。
（３）为执行本条例之规定起见，根据第（２）款作出之命令所指之任何人士持有之牌照，于命令发出之日起停止生效。３２Ａ．提出特定控告之时间限制
根据第２４条和第２９条第（３）款提出的任何诉讼，必须在该违法行为发生后２年内提出。
３３．举证责任
（１）在根据本条例对任何人士进行之任何诉讼中，如指称该人并无持有牌照者，倘无提出相反证据，则该人须被假定为未持有牌照。
（２）在根据本条例对任何人士进行之任何诉讼中，如指称有下开情事者，倘无提出相反证据，则须假定该事属实――
（ａ）该人并非第一附表第一部所指之人士；或
（ｂ）指称该人作出之贷款并非第一附表第二部所指之贷款。３３Ａ．一般豁免
（１）注册处处长在与财政司商议后，可在政府宪报上发布通知――
（ａ）豁免通知中规定的某类人（不论是否放债人）受通知中规定的本条例全部或部分条款的约束；或
（ｂ）豁免通知中规定的某项贷款，或某类贷款，或由某类人（不论是否放债人）作出之贷款受通知中规定的本条例全部或部分条款的约束。
（２）根据第（１）款作出之豁免须受通知中规定之任何条件之限制。
（３）注册处处长可在任何时候在政府宪报上发布通知――
（ａ）取消根据第（１）所作之豁免；或
（ｂ）对上述豁免取消、改变或增加任何限制条件。
（４）尽管有本条例其他规定，任何通知――
（ａ）在１９８８年放债人（修订）条例（１９８８年第６９号）生效前根据当时有效的本条例第２１条第（２）款或第２７条第（２）款作出者；及
（ｂ）在该修订条例生效前有效者，将继续有效，如同１９８８年放债人（修订）条例（１９８８年第６９号）第１７条或第２３条（ａ）及（ｂ）项从未实施一样，但注册处处长在与财政司商议后，可在政府宪报上发布通知，取消任何通知。
（５）在１９８８年放债人（修订）条例（１９８８年第６９号）生效前任何时候，倘若第２７条第（１）款不适用于修订条例生效前仍有效的本条例第２７条第（２）款所提及的任何借约，则第２７条第（３）款，同样地――
（ａ）被视为从未适用于有关借约；及
（ｂ）如同第２７条第（１）款一样不适用于本条第（４）款意义上的借约。３３Ｂ．特定豁免
（１）任何人（不论是否放债人）可提出申请――
（ａ）以规定之方式；及
（ｂ）缴付规定之费用，向注册处处长要求豁免受本条例全部或部分条款之约束。
（２）一旦注册处处长接到根据第（１）提出之申请，在与财政司商议后，他可以书面通知该申请人――
（ａ）批准豁免，但须有他认为适当之条件限制；或
（ｂ）拒绝豁免。
（３）在不限制注册处处长根据第（２）款（ａ）段对批准之豁免附加条件的前提下――
（ａ）上述条例可包括该等豁免只适用于特定的贷款或某类贷款；及
（ｂ）注册处处长可以书面通知之方式，通知豁免被批准之人士，对已批准之豁免取消、改变或增加条件。
（４）根据第（２）款（ａ）段批准之豁免须以规定之形式并――
（ａ）可被注册处处长以书面通知被批准豁免之人士，予以取消；及
（ｂ）除非根据第（ａ）段所作之取消不久，否则在三年时间内，或注册处处长与财政司商议后所确定的稍短时期内仍具有效力，该日期开始于豁免被批准之日，或者，如果豁免中有规定，稍晚的日期，并且该项豁免可以随时可以根据第（１）款规定提出申请续期。立法局可修订附表
――３３Ｃ．立法局可以决议修订附表一
３４．规例
港督会同行政局可制定下开规例――
（ａ）规定本条例所需或容许加以规定之任何事宜；
（ｂ）指定在根据第８条供给之资料中何者为不得根据第４条载入登记册内之资料；
（ｃ）就放债人可索取或接受任何贷款抵押之形式制定限制；
（ｄ）为更有效执行本条例之规定。
３５．保留事宜
（１）（已撤销）
（２）（已撤销）
（３）（已撤销）
（４）注册处处长须接管根据１９１１年《贷款业条例》（第１６３章１９７７年版）存于公司注册处处长办事处之登记册及任何有关文件，而该登记册及其他文件须当作注册处处长根据本条例保管之记录之一部分，并可供人查阅，查阅方式与查阅根据本条例而保管之登记册相同。
３６．现存之贷款
（１）本条适用于本条例开始生效前为偿还任何贷款或支付任何贷款利息而订立之任何借约，及就任何该等借约或贷款所提供（不论系在本条例开始生效之前或之后所提供者）之抵押
（２）本条例之任何规定，均不得使任何本条所适用之借约或抵押变为无效或不能执行，但任何该等借约或抵押，对借款人或保证人或任何其他人士均不得执行，除非――
（ａ）贷款人因此而得享之任何利益；及
（ｂ）借款人或保证人或其他人士因此而须负之义务或责任，
较假如该等借约系基于符合本条例之规定而订立或该等抵押系基于符合本条例之规定而提供时不会有所增加。
（３）为执行本条所适用之任何借约或抵押之规定而在任何法庭进行诉讼时，法庭在顾及本条例对借约及有关抵押之种类所作规定后，可就其条件或有关当事人之权利及义务而发出命令及给予指示，而此等命令及指示乃法庭认为必需或合宜者。
第一附表〔第２、２４、２５、３３及第３３Ｃ条〕
第一部――豁免管制之人士
１．任何根据《银行业条例》（第１５５章）领牌或注册之认可机构的附属组织。
２．根据《合作社条例》（第３３章）注册之合作社。
３．根据《储蓄互助社条例》（第１１９章）注册之储蓄互助社及根据该条例第Ⅺ部成立之香港储蓄互助社协会。
４．根据《职工会条例》（第３３２章）注册之职工会。
５．《保险公司条例》中所指的承保人，根据该条例规定，他可对该条例第一附表第２部分规定的某一类或某几类保险事项承保。
６．（已撤销）
７．大学及理工教育资助委员会。
８．属下开情形之银行――
（ａ）在本港以外地区注册或成立；
（ｂ）（ｉ）在其注册或成立之国家、属土、州郡或省份之银行业监理当局承认为银行者；
（ｉｉ）为执行本段之规定起见，《银行业条例》（第１５５章）规定的银行监理专员书面宣称该银行业监理当局能给予足够监管者；及
（ｃ）在该国家、属土、州郡或省份经营银行业务者。
９．属下开性质之机构――
（ａ）信用及投资保险业国际总会（“伯尔尼总会”）之会员；或
（ｂ）令注册处处长满意并书面宣称其乃为一个或多个国家之政府所设立而以资助某一国家之货物或劳务出口或对该项资助作出保证为目的者。
第二部――豁免管制之贷款
１．雇主向确是雇员之人士提供之贷款。
２．向下列以抵押、按揭、留置或其他财产处置作保证的公司提供之贷款――
（ａ）根据《公司条例》（第３２章）注册或被注册的公司；或
（ｂ）在该条例第２条第（１）款“公司”定义第（ｂ）或（ｃ）段提及的公司听情况下，如果该公司是该定义第（ａ）段提及的公司，那么指根据该条例可被注册为公司的公司。
３．任何公司按照其所办理之真正信用咭计划向持有该公司所发信用咭之人士提供之贷款。
４．真正为购买不动产而提供并以按揭该产业作为抵押之贷款。
５．任何公司或商号或人士，其基本或主要业务并不涉及贷款者，在日常业务中提供之贷款。
６．根据《当押商条例》（第１６６章）获发牌照之当押店经营人提供而属该条例所适用之贷款。
７．任何法定组织根据法律赋予之权力而提供之贷款。
８．属下述情形之贷款――
（ａ）由立法局通过决议案设立或根据法例设立之基金所提供之贷款；
（ｂ）由任何退休金或公积金所提供之贷款。
９．任何按照《银会经营（禁止）条例》（第２６２章）而经营之银会所提供之贷款。
１０．（ａ）某一控股公司向其附属公司或某一附属公司向其控股公司或向同一控股公司之另一附属公司提供之贷款。
（ｂ）《公司法例》（第３２章）第２条第（７）及第（８）款在对本段之释义上须予适用，如其对该条例之释义同样适用然。
１１．向任何公司提供之贷款，该项贷款――
（ａ）组成进出口香港之商品或业务交易的一部分；及
（ｂ）目的是为了方便该等商品或业务的进出口。
１２．（ａ）向已缴股本不少于一百万港币或相同数额任何其他准用外币的公司提供之贷款。
（ｂ）在本段内，“准用外币”指――
（ｉ）可自由兑换成港币的外币；或
（ｉｉ）为执行本段，登记官书面同意的外币。
１３．根据招股书已按《公司条例》（第３２章）登记的任何公司债券或其他证券的发行条款而作出之贷款。
１４．向公司提供之贷款，该公司的股票或债券列于――
（ａ）《证券交易所合并条例》（第３６１章）中所指的联合交易所；或
（ｂ）任何其他由根据《证券及期货监察委员会条例》设立的证券及期货监察委员会为执行本段而许可的证券市场。
１５．向第１４段提及之公司的附属机构提供之贷款。
〔第２及第１８条〕
真正之百分比年利率之计算方法
１．任何根据借约已支付或应支付予贷款人之款额（按照第２２条第（１）款所载但书而收取之单利除外），须按本金总额与利息总额之比例划分为所抵销之本金及利息。
２．任何时候未清偿之本金额须为自本金中减去所有还款中按照第１段划分为作偿还本金之用之部分之总额后之余额。
３．以付款日期为截止日期之数段时间内，属于未偿还本金之数笔款项，每一项须乘以该等款项在各该期间被视为未偿还本金之月数，从而得出有关款项之总额。
４．有关利息总额，须以第（３）段提及之款项总额之十二分之一相除，所得之商数再乘以一百，此即为利率之百分比年利率。
５．如在顾及连续还款日期之间隔时间后，若属合宜，则利息可按星期计算而非按月计算，而在此情形下，以上各段所述之规定，须与将第３段之“月”字改以“周”字代替，而将第４段之“十二分之一”改以“五十二分之一”代替无异。
６．倘连续还款日期之间隔时间之周数或月数并非一个整数，则就以上各段所述之规定而言，一日须视为一星期之七分之一或一个月之三十分之一（视乎情形而定）。
MONEY LENDERS ORDINANCE
(CHAPTER 163)
PRELIMINARY
1. Short title and application
2. Interpretation
3. Ordinance not to apply to authorized institutions
4. Registrar of Money Lenders and supervisory functions of Registrar
5. Official secrecy
6. Inspection of register
6A. Documents admissible in evidence
LICENSING OF MONEY LENDERS
7. Restriction on carrying on of business of money lender
8. Application for licence and public notification of application
9. Investigation and lodgement of applications
10. Licensing court
10A. Selection of assessors and payment of fees to assessors
10B. Powers of licensing court
10C. Immunity
11. Determination of application for licence
12. Effect and duration of licence
13. Renewal
14. Revocation and suspension
15. Transfer of licence and addition or substitution of new premises
16. Appeals
17. Duty to notify changes of particulars
MONEY LENDERS' TRANSACTIONS
18. Form of agreement
19. Duty of money lender to give information to borrower
20. Duty of money lender to give information to surety
21. Early payment by borrower
22. Illegal agreements
23. Loan etc. not recoverable unless money lender licensed
EXCESSIVE INTEREST RATES
24. Prohibition of excessive interest rates
25. Reopening of certain transactions
26. Restriction on money-lending advertisements
27. Charges for expenses etc. not recoverable
28. Power of Registrar and police to enter premises and inspect books,
29. Offences by money lenders
30. Offences of fraudulent inducement and obstruction
30A. Offences relating to licensing court
31. Liability for offences by companies
32. Penalties and disqualification
32A. Time limitation for instituting certain prosecutions
33. Burden of proof
33A. General exemptions
33B. Specific exemptions
33C. Legislative Council may amend Schedule 1
34. Regulations
35. Saving
36. Existing loans
Schedule 1
Schedule 2
To provide for the control and regulation of money
lending transactions, the appointment of a Registrar of Money Lenders
the licensing of persons carrying on busin to provide
protection and relief against excessive interest
extortionate
stipulations to provide for offences and for
connected with or inciden and to
lenders Ordinance 1911.
[12 December 1980] L. N. 347 of 1980
PART I PRELIMINARY
1. Short title and application
(1) This Ordinance may be cited as the Money Lenders Ordinance.
(2) This Ordinance shall have effect notwithstanding any agreement to
2. Interpretation
(1) In this Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires--
"company" means a body corporate--
(a) incorporated under the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32);
(b) incorporated by any other O or
(c) incorporated or established outside Hong K (Added 69 of 1988 s. 2)
"disqualified person" means a person in respect of whom there is in
an order made by a court under section 32 (2);
"effective
percentage rate of interest calculated in accordance with Schedule 2;
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 2)
"firm" means an unincorporate body of 2 or more individuals, or 1 or
individuals and 1 or more companies, or 2
companies,
entered into partnership with one another
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 2)
"interest" does not
accordance with this Ordinance on account of stamp duty or
duty, but save as aforesaid includes any amount (by whatever name
in excess of the principal, which amount has been or
payable in consideration of or otherwise
"licence" means a money lender's
renewed under section 13, and "licensed" and "licensee" have corresponding
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 2)
"licensing court" means--
(a) a magi or
(b) a magistrate sitting with 2 assessors,
as the case may be, in accordance with section 10, 14 or 15; (Replaced
of 1988 s. 2)
"loan" includes advance, discount, money paid for or on account of
behalf of or at the request of any person, or the forbearance
payment of money owing on any
whatsoever,
(whatever its terms or form may be) which is in substance or effect a loan
of money, and also an agreement to secure the repayment of any such
and "lend" and "lender" shall be c
"money lender" means every
carries on any other business) is that of making loans or
advertises
or announces himself or holds himself out in any way as carrying
business, but does not include--
(a) a person specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1; or
(b) as respects a loan specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1, any
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 2)
"prescribed" means prescribed by regulations made under section 34;
"principal", in relation to a loan, means the
"register" means the register kept by the Registrar under section 4;
"Registrar" means the Registrar of Money Lenders appointed
"subsidiary" means subsidiary within the
Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32). (Added 69 of 1988 s. 2)
(2) For the purposes of this Ordinance, where by an agreement for the loan
of money the interest charged on the loan is not expressed in terms
rate, any amount paid or payable to the lender under the agreement
than simple interest charged in accordance with the proviso to section 22)
shall be appropriated to principal and interest in the proportion that the
total amount of principal bears to the total amount of the
the rate per cent
represented
calculated in accordance with Schedule 2 shall be deemed to be the rate of
interest charged on the loan. (Amended 69 of 1988 s. 2)
(3) For the purpose of determining the amount of the principal of a
any amount thereof which is not shown to have been
purpose of treating it as an instalment paid by the borrower in
of the loan and which is so treated by the lender shall be disregarded.
(4) References in this Ordinance to an assessor are references to a person
appointed to a panel of assessors under
Magistrates
Ordinance (Cap. 227). (Added 69 of 1988 s. 2)
3. Ordinance not to apply to authorized institutions
This Ordinance shall not apply to--
(a) an authorized institution within the meaning of the Banking Ordinance
(Cap. 155); or
(b) as respects a loan made to such an authorized institution, any
who makes such loan.
(Replaced 69 of 1988 s. 3)
4. Registrar of Money Lenders and supervisory functions of Registrar
(1) The Governor shall appoint a public officer to
Money Lenders.
(2) The Registrar shall establish and maintain
shall cause to be kept particulars, other than specified particulars, of--
(a) applications for the grant or (Amended 69 of 1988
(b) licences which are in force or have been
(c) such other matters, if any, as he thinks fit.
(3) In this section "specified particulars"
particulars
under section 8 which are specified in regulations made under
as particulars which shall not be entered in the register.
5. Official secrecy
(1) Except as may be necessary for the
performance
function or duty under this Ordinance or
provisions of this Ordinance, the Registrar and every person
carrying out or in assisting any person to carry
provisions
this Ordinance--
(a) shall preserve and aid
preserving
matters relating to the affairs
knowledge in the exercise or performance of any
(b) shall not communicate any such matter to any
person to whom and
(c) shall not suffer or permit any person to have access to any records in
the possession, custody or control of any person to whom
subsection
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply--
(a) to the disclosure of information in the form of a summary
information provided by a number of persons if the summary is so framed as
to prevent particulars relating to the business of any
particular
(b) to the disclosure of information with a view to the institution of, or
otherwise for the purposes of, any
1988 s. 5)
(c) in connection with any civil proceedings arising out of,
to, section 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 33, 33B or 36; or (Added 69 of 1988 s. 5)
(d) to the disclosure of
information
Secretary,
Secretary for Monetary Affairs, or any public officer
authorized
Financial Secretary for the purposes
opinion of the Registrar, it is desirable or
information
should be disclosed in the public interest. (Added 69 of 1988 s. 5)
(3) Any person who--
(a) contravenes subsection (1); or
(b) aids, abets, counsels or procures any person to contravene subsection
(1), commits an offence and shall be liable to a fine of $ 100,000 and
imprisonment for 2 years.
6. Inspection of register
(1) Any person shall be entitled on payment of the prescribed fee--
(a) to inspect the register during ordinary office hours and
(b) to obtain from the
authority of the Registrar to be correct, of any entry in the register.
(2) The Registrar shall give public notice, in such manner as he may
fit, of the place where and the times when the register may be inspected.
6A. Documents admissible in evidence
A document purporting to be a copy, certified by or under the authority of
the Registrar to be true and correct, of any entry in the
be admissible in evidence in criminal
proceedings
court on its production without further proof and, until the
proved, the court shall presume that--
(a) the signature and
certification
Registrar or a person authorized by him in that behalf, and
(b) the document is a true and correct copy.
(Added 69 of 1988 s. 6)
PART II LICENSING OF MONEY LENDERS
7. Restriction on carrying on of business of money lender
(1) No person shall carry on business as a money lender--
(b) at any place other than the premises speci or
otherwise than in accordance with the conditions of a licence.
(2) A licence shall be in the prescribed form.
8. Application for licence and public notification of application
(1) An application for a licence shall be made to
prescribed form and in the prescribed manner, and shall be accompanied
the prescribed fee and a statement in writing
containing
prescribed
particulars in respect of the application.
(2) An application made under this section in respect of a company may
made by any person authorized in that behalf by such company. (Amended
of 1988 s. 7)
(3) An application made under this section in respect
firm may be made by any such partner.
(4) The Registrar shall, in such manner as may be prescribed, give
notice of every application made under this section.
9. Investigation and lodgement of applications
(1) Where an application is made under section 8, the applicant
the same time send a copy
application
Commissioner
Police, and the Commissioner of Police may cause an
investigation
carried out in respect of the application for the purpose
determining
whether, in the opinion of the Commissioner of Police, there
for objecting to the application under section 11.
(2) For the purpose of carrying out an investigation under
the Commissioner of Police may in writing require the applicant to produce
for inspection such
information relating to the application or
intended to be carried on
Commissioner
(3) In respect of an application made under section 8, no step other
the registration of such application shall be taken by the Registrar prior
(a) the date on which a period of 60 days after
applica or
(b) the date on which the Commissioner of Police
that any investigation carried out under this section in
application has been completed, whichever is the earlier (in this
referred to as "the material date").
(4) Where the Registrar or the Commissioner of Police
under section 11 to any application for a licence,
than 7 days after the material date, serve notice on the applicant of
intention to object and of the groun and
notice is served by the Commissioner of
thereof to the Registrar.
(5) Upon the expiration of a period of 7 days after the material
respect of any application made under section 8, the Registrar shall lodge
the application with such magistrate as he deems fit, together with a copy
of any notice served on the applicant under subsection (4).
of 1988 s. 8)
(6) The Registrar shall give notice to the Commissioner of Police
lodgement made under subsection (5).
10. Licensing court
(1) Where an application is lodged under
court shall hear and determine the application in accordance with section
(2) For the purposes of hearing
determining
application
under section 9 (5), the licensing court shall be constituted by--
(a) where no notice has been served on the applicant under section
or 11 (2) (b) (i), subject to subsection (3), a magis
(b) where a notice has been served on the applicant under section 9 (4) or
11 (2) (b) (i), a magistrate sitting with 2 assessors.
(3) Without limiting the generality of the power of
under section 10B (f) to adjourn the
application
under section 9 (5), the licensing court shall, where--
(a) it is constituted by a magi and
(b) it grants leave under section 11 (2) (b) (ii) to a person to object to
the application, adjourn the hearing to
determined by the licensing court constituted by a magistrate sitting with
2 assessors.
(4) Where the licensing court is constituted by a magistrate sitting
2 assessors, the decision of the licensing court
majority of the members and shall be recorded in writing:
Provided that the magistrate's rulings on matters of law
licensing court.
(5) The Registrar shall be provided with a copy of each
licensing court.
(Replaced 69 of 1988 s. 9)
10A. Selection of assessors and payment of fees to assessors
(1) Where under this Ordinance the
constituted by a magistrate sitting with 2 assessors, the Registrar of the
Supreme Court shall select those assessors.
(2) Where an assessor selected under subsection (1) attends the
court for which he has been so selected, he shall, irrespective of whether
he sits as an assessor, be paid a fee of an amount equal to the fee
under section 7A (2) of the Magistrates Ordinance (Cap. 227) to be paid to
an assessor for his services.
(Added 69 of 1988 s. 9)
10B. Powers of licensing court
Subject to this Ordinance, the
procedure and in particular may--
(a) receive and consider any material, whether by way
written statements, documents
otherwise,
notwithstanding
material would
admissible
(b) by notice in writing signed by the presiding magistrate,
person to attend before it at any hearing and to give evidence and produce
(c) administer oa
(d) examine on oath, affirmation or otherwise any person attending
it at any hearing and require such person to answer all questions
(e) determine the manner in which the material referred to in paragraph
(f) adjourn any hearing from time to time as it may deem fit, and
all things--
(i) ancillary to the powers confe or
(ii) reasonably necessary for the discharge of its
Ordinance.
(Added 69 of 1988 s. 9)
10C. Immunity
(a) member of and
(b) witness, party to any
proceedings,
representative
appearing before the licensing court, shall have the same
privileges
immunities in any
proceedings
exercise of the licensing court's functions as
court in civil proceedings.
(Added 69 of 1988 s. 9)
11. Determination of application for licence
(1) The licensing court shall fix a date for the hearing of an application
lodged under section 9 (5) and shall give 14 clear days'
date to the applicant, the Registrar and the Commissioner of Police.
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 10)
(2) Subject to subsection (3), the licensing court shall grant
upon the hearing of an application
(a) the Registrar or the Commissioner of Police has
section 9 of his intention to
application
hearing of the application, objection to the application is made by or
behalf of the Registrar or, as
Commissioner
(b) objection to the application is made by any other person appearing
the hearing in person or by counsel who--
(i) has served notice of his intention to object and the grounds
objection on the applicant, the Registrar and the Commissioner
and lodged a copy of such notice in the office of the licensing court, not
later than 4 days prior to the date fixed for the hearing under subsection
(1); or (Amended 69 of 1988 s. 10)
(ii) is granted leave by the licensing court to make such
objection,
for the purposes of this section "counsel" means
practise as
Practitioners
Ordinance (Cap. 159).
(3) The licensing court shall not grant a licence to a
disqualified person.
(4) The licensing court shall, in
considering
application
subsection (2) (a)
applicant or any witnesses called on his behalf and any
by or on behalf of the Registrar or the
Commissioner
other person who appears at the hearing under subsection (2) (b).
Subject to subsection (3), the licensing court shall not grant
upon an application to which subsection (2) (a) or (b) applies unless
court is satisfied--
(a) that the applicant, or in the case of a firm every partner thereof, is
a fit and proper person to carry on busine
(b) in the case of a company, that any person who controls such company or
in accordance with whose directions or instructions the directors
are accustomed to act is a fit and proper person to be associated with the
business of money- (Amended 69 of 1988 s. 10)
(c) that as respects the carrying on of business as a
person responsible or proposed to be responsible for the management of the
business or any part thereof, or in the case of a company any director
secretary or other officer thereof, is a
associated with the business of money- (Amended 69 of 1988 s. 10)
(d) that the name under which the applicant applies to be licensed is
misleading or o
(e) that as respects any of the premises to which the application relates,
such premises and the situation thereof are suitable for the
of the business of money-
(f) that the applicant has complied with the provisions of this
any regulations relatin and
(g) that in all the
circumstances
contrary to the public interest.
(6) A licence
conditions as the licensing court may impose.
(7) A licence granted under this section shall not be issued and shall not
enter into
prescribed fee.
12. Effect and duration of licence
Every licence shall
business as a money lender for a period of 12 months from--
(a) in the case of a licence granted under section 11, the day on which it
(b) in the case of a licence renewed under
irrespective
whether the renewal of the licence was made prior to, upon
expiration, and
notwithstanding
immediately
following the day on which it would have, but for its renewal, or has,
the case may be, expired.
(Replaced 69 of 1988 s. 11)
13. Renewal
(1) A licensee may apply for the renewal of his licence within a period of
3 months prior to the expiration thereof.
(2) This section does not apply to a licensee whose licence is revoked.
(3) An application for renewal made under this section shall
the prescribed manner and shall be accompanied by the prescribed fee.
(4) Sections 8, 9, 10 and 11 shall apply to
application
made under this section as they apply to an application made under section
(5) Any licence in respect of which an application
under this section and which expires prior to the
determination
application shall, unless such application is withdrawn, or the licence is
revoked or suspended under section 14, be
until the determination of such application.
14. Revocation and suspension
(1) On the application of the Registrar or the Commissioner of
licensing court constituted by a magistrate sitting with 2
make an order revoking or suspending any licence granted by the
court if, in the opinion of the licensing court-- (Amended 69 of
(a) the licensee has ceased to be a fit and
(b) the premises specified in the licence or any of such premises have, or
the situation thereof has, ceased to be suitable for the
the business of money- or
(c) the licensee has been in
licence or has ceased to satisfy
business as a money lender in respect of
required to be satisfied under section 11 (5); or
(d) the business of the licensee has been carried on at any time or on any
occasion since the date on which the licence was granted
the use of any methods, or in any manner, contrary to the public interest.
(2) The licensing court shall fix a date for the hearing of an application
under this section, and shall give 14 clear days' notice of such
the Registrar and the Commissioner of Pol such notice
shall call on the licensee to show cause as to why such application
not to be granted and an order for the revocation
suspension
licence ought not to be made.
(3) In this section "licence" includes a licence
force under section 13 (5).
15. Transfer of licence and addition or substitution of new premises
transferable.
(2) Where a licensed money lender dies, the widow or widower or any member
of the family of the deceased money lender of
upwards, or any person on behalf of the family, may apply to the licensing
court to have his or her name endorsed on the licence. (Amended 69 of 1988
(3) Where a licensee intends to carry on business as a money lender at any
premises in addition to the premises specified
apply to the licensing court to have such additional premises endorsed
his licence. (Amended 69 of 1988 s. 13)
(4) Where a licensed money lender intends to transfer his
money lender from any premises specified in his licence
not so specified, he may apply to the licensing court to have the premises
to which he intends to transfer such business endorsed on his
substitution for such first- mentioned premises.
(Amended 69 of
(5) Every application under this section shall be made to the Registrar in
the prescribed manner and accompanied by the prescribed fee and notice
the application shall be given to the Commissioner of Police. (Replaced 69
of 1988 s. 13)
(6) The Registrar and the Commissioner of
appear and be heard at the hearing of any application under
and to object to the granting of any such application.
(6A) Where the Registrar or the Commissioner of Police intends
under subsection (6)
application
section, he shall, not later than one month after such application is made
under subsection (5), serve notice on the applicant of
object specifying the g
served by the Commissioner of Police, he shall send a copy thereof to
Registrar. (Added 69 of 1988 s. 13)
(6B) Upon the expiration of a period of one month
application
under this section is made under subsection (5), the Registrar shall lodge
the application with such magistrate as he deems fit, together with a copy
of any notice served on the applicant under subsection (6A). (Added 69
1988 s. 13)
(7) The licensing court shall not grant an application under this
unless the court is satisfied that--
(a) notice of the application has been given
Commissioner of P
(b) in the case of an application under subsection (2), the applicant is a
fit and proper person to carry on
(c) in the case of an application under
subsection
additional
premises and the situation thereof are suitable for the carrying on of the
business of money-
(d) in the case of an application under subsection (4),
which the money lender intends to transfer his business and the
thereof are suitable for the carrying on of the business of money-
(e) in the case of
application
subsection
responsible
responsible for the management of the business carried on at such premises
is a fit and proper person to be associated with the
(8) Where the licensing court grants an
application
endorsement
under this section, the endorsement shall be made in
licensing court upon payment of the prescribed fee.
(9) A licence endorsed under subsection
respects as if the licence had been issued to the
endorsed thereon and this Ordinance shall apply accordingly to such person
as it applies to a licensee.
(10) For the purposes of hearing an application
licensing court may be constituted by--
(a) a magi or
(b) a magistrate sitting with 2 assessors, except that, where a notice has
been served on the applicant under subsection (6A),
shall be constituted by a magistrate sitting with 2 assessors.
of 1988 s. 13)
16. Appeals
Any person aggrieved by a decision of a licensing court under section
13, 14 or 15 may appeal to the High Court and the
Court shall be final.
17. Duty to notify changes of particulars
(1) Where any change
particulars
register in respect of any licensee (including any change of name by law),
or a change takes place--
(a) in the case of a firm, in the membership thereof whether by reason
an amalgamation or the reduction of the number of p
(b) in the case of a company--
(ii) in the control t
(iii) in the number of shares, or shares of a
prescribed
held by any person whereby the nominal value of any such
that person exceeds such proportion of the
capital thereof or of the issued shares of that class, as the case may be,
(c) in the persons responsible for the management of
money lender at any
licensee shall give notice in writing of
within 21 days after the change takes
particulars,
particulars entered, in the register as he thinks fit. (Amended 69 of 1988
(2) Where notice of any change is given to the Registrar under subsection
(1), the Registrar may be
furnish him with
information,
Registrar may specify with respect to such change.
PART III MONEY LENDERS' TRANSACTIONS
18. Form of agreement
(1) No agreement for the repayment of money lent by a money lender or
the payment of interest on money so lent, and no
enforceable unless--
(a) within 7 days after the making of the agreement, a note or
memorandum
in writing of the agreement is made in accordance with subsection (2)
signed personally by the borrower, and a copy of such note
memorandum
is given to the borrower at and
(b) there is included in or attached to such copy a summary, in such
as may be prescribed, of such provisions of this Part and Part IV
be prescribed, and no such agreement or security shall be
enforceable
it is proved that the note or memorandum was not signed
before the money was lent or the security was given.
(2) The note or memorandum shall contain all the terms
and in particular shall set out--
(a) the name and address
(b) the name and add
(c) the name and address of the surety,
(d) the amount of the principal of the loan
(e) the date of the mak
(f) the date of th
(g) the terms of r
(h) the form of security for the loan,
(i) the rate of interest charged on the loan expressed as a rate per
per annum, or the rate per cent per
represented
charged as calculated in accordance with Schedule 2; and
1988 s. 15)
(j) a declaration as to the place of negotiation
completion
agreement for the loan.
Notwithstanding
subsection
enforceability of any agreement or security comes in question is satisfied
that in all the circumstances
inequitable
agreement or security which does not comply with this
held not to be enforceable, the court may order
security is enforceable to such extent, and subject to such
modifications
or exceptions, as the court considers equitable. (Amended 69
19. Duty of money lender to give information to borrower
(1) In respect of every
agreement,
commencement of this Ordinance, for the repayment of money lent by a money
lender, the money lender shall, on demand in writing
borrower at any time during the continuance of the agreement and on tender
by the borrower of the prescribed fee for expenses, supply to the borrower
or, if the borrower so requires, to any person specified in that behalf in
the demand, a statement (consisting of the original and a copy) signed
the money lender or his agent showing--
(Amended 69 of 1988 s. 16)
(a) the date on which the loan was mad